« Back to Research Deepdives

Dairy Fat and Cholesterol Levels: Why the Difference?

This content is restricted to members.

To view our premium content, sign up for a membership:

Register New Account

Username

First Name

Last Name

Password

Password Again

Choose your membership level

Monthly Membership - €24.99 - 1 Month
Full Education Hub access: the weekly Study Deepdive, bi-monthly video Research Lectures, Exclusive Articles, and the full backcatalog of Deepdives in downloadable pdf format.
Annual Membership - €249.99 - 1 Year
Access to all the Education Hub content, at a reduced annual rate.

Discount Code - Valid - Invalid

Choose Your Payment Method

Credit / Debit Card PayPal

I agree to the privacy policy

‹ Back to Research Deepdives

References

1. Guo J, Astrup A, Lovegrove JA, Gijsbers L, Givens DI, Soedamah-Muthu SS. Milk and dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2017 Apr 3;32(4):269–87.
2. Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Sheridan P, Mohan V, Iqbal R, et al. Association of dairy intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2018 Nov;392(10161):2288–97.
3. Jacobs DR, Tapsell LC. Food, Not Nutrients, Is the Fundamental Unit in Nutrition. Nutr Rev. 2008 Jun 28;65(10):439–50.
4. Tapsell LC, Neale EP, Satija A, Hu FB. Foods, Nutrients, and Dietary Patterns : Interconnections and Implications. Advances in Nutrition. 2016;7:445–54.
5. Nestel PJ, Chronopulos A, Cehun M. Dairy fat in cheese raises LDL cholesterol less than that in butter in mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep 1;59(9):1059–63.
6. Feeney EL, Barron R, Dible V, Hamilton Z, Power Y, Tanner L, et al. Dairy matrix effects: response to consumption of dairy fat differs when eaten within the cheese matrix—a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Oct;108(4):1–8.
7. Biong AS, Müller H, Seljeflot I, Veierød MB, Pedersen JI. A comparison of the effects of cheese and butter on serum lipids, haemostatic variables and homocysteine. British Journal of Nutrition. 2004 Nov 9;92(5):791–7.
8. Jacobsen R, Lorenzen JK, Toubro S, Krog-Mikkelsen I, Astrup A. Effect of short-term high dietary calcium intake on 24-h energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and fecal fat excretion. Int J Obes. 2005 Mar 18;29(3):292–301.
9. Pacheco-Pappenheim S, Yener S, Heck JML, Dijkstra J, van Valenberg HJF. Seasonal variation in fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition of bovine milk fat. J Dairy Sci. 2021 Aug;104(8):8479–92.
10. Hegsted MD, Ausman LM, Johnson JA, Dallal GE. Fat and Serum Lipids: Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;57(6):875–83.
11. Clarke R, Frost C, Collins R, Appleby PN, Peto R. Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies. BMJ. 1997;314:112–7.
12. Schmidt KA, Cromer G, Burhans MS, Kuzma JN, Hagman DK, Fernando I, et al. Impact of low-fat and full-fat dairy foods on fasting lipid profile and blood pressure: exploratory endpoints of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Sep;114(3):882–92.
13. Stroebinger N, Rutherfurd SM, Henare SJ, Hernandez JFP, Moughan PJ. Fatty Acids from Different Fat Sources and Dietary Calcium Concentration Differentially Affect Fecal Soap Formation in Growing Pigs. J Nutr. 2021 May;151(5):1102–10.
14. de Oliveira Otto MC, Mozaffarian D, Kromhout D, Bertoni AG, Sibley CT, Jacobs DR, et al. Dietary intake of saturated fat by food source and incident cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013;97(2):449.
15. Sonestedt E, Wirfält E, Wallström P, Gullberg B, Orho-Melander M, Hedblad B. Dairy products and its association with incidence of cardiovascular disease: the Malmö diet and cancer cohort. Eur J Epidemiol. 2011 Aug 10;26(8):609–18.
16. Keys A, Menott A, Karvonen MJ, Aravanjs C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, et al. The diet and 15-year death rate in the seven countries study. Am J Epidemiol. 1986;124(6):903–15.
17. Tholstrup T, Høy CE, Andersen LN, Christensen RDK, Sandström B. Does Fat in Milk, Butter and Cheese Affect Blood Lipids and Cholesterol Differently? J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Apr;23(2):169–76.
18. Hjerpsted J, Tholstrup T. Cheese and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Review of the Evidence and Discussion of Possible Mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(8):1389–403.
19. Brassard D, Tessier-Grenier M, Allaire J, Rajendiran E, She Y, Ramprasath V, et al. Comparison of the impact of SFAs from cheese and butter on cardiometabolic risk factors: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2017;105(4):800–9.